Trees
BY JOYCE KILMER
I think that I shall never see
A poem lovely as a tree.
A tree whose hungry mouth is prest
Against the earth’s sweet flowing breast;
A tree that looks at God all day,
And lifts her leafy arms to pray;
A tree that may in Summer wear
A nest of robins in her hair;
Upon whose bosom snow has lain;
Who intimately lives with rain.
Poems are made by fools like me,
But only God can make a tree.
这首英文诗也是写树的,跟莫笑的诗《树》有异曲同工之妙。莫笑的《树》是自由体诗歌(英文称作Blank Verse)。自由体诗歌不受韵律的约束,但讲究节奏明快,传达一种情怀和对身边事物的体悟,犹如佛家禅宗所倡导的“顿悟”,瞬间提升心灵境界。
东亚诸国以信奉佛教(Buddism)为主,莫笑的《树》虽然没有提到释迦摩尼佛祖,但是,佛家追求清净的精神气质却蕴含在这首小诗之中。佛家认为,万物皆有佛性,万物都有灵性,一花一世界,一木一浮生。
我们再看Kilmer的诗歌《树》。Kilmer是在基督教的世界里成长的,万物皆为上帝所创造的理念扎根于他的心中。所以,在诗里,他提到God, pray,make a tree等。Kilmer 是一位热爱大自然的诗人,他用诗人的眼光来观察树,树就变得十分可爱。一棵树就像一个躺在大地母亲怀抱的婴儿,恬静而安适。
诗人在该诗中运用了英文诗歌中最普遍使用的抑扬格(iambic) ,采用双行(couplet)押韵的技法,读起来琅琅上口,轻盈柔和。诗人还继承了《圣经》的文学传统,将大地和树木人格化( personify),让我们读起这首诗来,有进入了伊甸园 (Eden Garden) 的感觉。
读诗,赏诗;读中文诗也好,读英文诗也好;读出味道,读出芬芳,我们就不辜负诗人的一片慧心。
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